Apparatus for drying and distilling wood, sawdust, peat, or the like, and for treating other substances.



No. 704,886. Patented July i5, (902;

E. LABSEN. A

APPARATUS FOR DRYING AND DTSTILLING W000, SAWDUST, PEAT, OR THE LIKE, AND FOR TREATING OTHER SUBSTANCES.

.A licatinn filed A r. 1 1901. (No Model.) P

ts-Sheet I.

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Na. 704,886. Patented July I5, 1902.

E. LARSEN! APPARATUS FOR DRYiNG AND DISTILLING WOOD, SAWDUST, PEAT, OR THE LIKE,

AND FOR TREATING OTHER SUBSTANCES.'

(Application filed Apr. 1, 1901.) (No Model.) 3 Sheets$heet 2,

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Na. 204,;886. V Pajen ted luiy l5, I902. V E. LAR8EN. APPARATUS FOFI DBYING AND DISTILLING WOOD, SAWDUST, PEAT, OR THE LIKE,

AND-FOR TREATING OTHER SUBSTANCES.

(Application filed Apr. 1, 1901.)

(No Model.) ;L s $heetsShet 3.

UNITED STATES PAT NT -OFFICE.

EDUARD LARSEN, OF COPENHAGEN, DENMARK..

APPARATUS FOR DR YlNG AND DiSTlLLING WOOD, S AW DU ST, FEAT, OR THE LIKE, AND FOR TREATING OTHER SUBSTANCES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 704,886, dated July 15, 1902.

Application filed April 1, 1901.

' sectiontal view taken at line-3 3 of Fig. 1.

To etZZ 1072/0121, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, EDUARD LARSEN, engineer, of 12 Norrevoldgade, Copenhagen, in the Kingdom of Denmark, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Drying and Distilling Wood, Sawdust, Peat, or the Like and for Treating other Substances; and I do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and to the letters marked thereon.

My invention relates to an apparatus for simultaneously drying and'charring or distilling wood, sawdust, peat, and the like and for treating other substances and-with which these processes may be carried out without any arrangements for moving the material, the same passing through the apparatus solely by its own weight. A furtheressential feature is that the products of distillation generated in the coking or distilling chamber are carried away immediately after formation and in accordance with the temperature of their generation Without passing other parts of the apparatus or the material therein. By these means I am'able to'carbonize the wood and the like in such a manner that decomposition and condensation of the products of distillation are entirely prevented. Moreover, in the drying-chamber the heating-fines are so arranged that the heating-gasesneed only pass through a certain number thereof and then leave the apparatus'in order to cause the moisture developed from the wood being immediately carried away.

To enable others skilled in the art to con struct and use my improved apparatus, I will proceed to describe its construction and arrangement and in connection therewith explain its operation as applied to the distillation of wood. For this purpose are made the accompanying drawings, in -which Figures 1 and 2 are two vertical sectional views of my improved apparatus, taken at right angles to each other and respectively Serial No. 53,899. (No model.)

Fig. 4 is a similar View taken at line at 4 of Fig. 1; and Fig. 5 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of the lower part of Fig. 1, taken on the lower part of the line 1 l of Fig. 2.

Like letters of reference denote the same parts of the apparatus in each of the figures.

My improved apparatus consists of an upright shaft 1) of masonry or the like and of rectangular shape. Within this shaft b a second shaft a of iron or the like is arranged and constructed in such manner that two opposite sides are as wide as the inner sides of the outer shaft, whereas the other two sides are narrower than the respective sides of shaft h, thereby leaving between the narrower sides of the shaft (1. and the opposite sides of the shaft 12 the fines denoted by r 'r and s s. The lines 1' r are separated from each other by a partition 0 and the tides s s separated from, each other by a similar partition. The

inner shaft is divided in to an upper part, the

drying-chamber V, and a lower part, the distilling, ch'arring, or coking chamber W, connected by a port-chamber Z, provided with a sliding door 12 for closing the lower end of the drying-chamber V and with a sliding door a:

for closing the upper part of the-distillingchamber W; The port-chamber Z, with the doors e 00, will permit the material dried in the chamber V to fall into the distillingchanp ber W without allowing the products generated in the latter to pass into the former.

In the drying-chamberV heating-fines e are arranged in a horizontal manner. .They are substantially triangular in contour and open at their under side. In consequence of this peculiar construction of the heatingfines they offer no obstacle to the material in its way down the shaft, causing it to slide down upon the sides of the fines when the sliding door 7) is opened or when fresh material is charged into the hopper f. As will be seen from Fig. 2, the heating-fines are arranged al-- 1 terial to be treated. These flues communi Ice cate with the fines through which pass the heatinggases coming from the distillingchamber and with the flue 1", through which these gases are carried away. The upper end of the latter flue is connected by a pipe 3 with an exhaust-fan q or other similar device. By this arrangement the heating-gases after leaving the distilling-chamber W through the fines r and s are caused to enter the flues e, communicating with flue s, and thence through the chamber V. The gases are exhausted from the chamber V through flue r and pipe y, as is indicated by arrows in Fig. 1. On their way through the drying-chamber the gases take up the moisture from the wood and then leave the apparatus without coming in contact with other portions of the material.

The lower part of the drying-chamber V is formed as a hopper it, closed by the slide-door U, which is opened when the material has become sufficiently dried, thereby causing it to fall down into the port-chamber Z, the lower hopper-like part to of which is closed by theslide-door as.

In the lower part of the shaft a,-forming the distilling or coking chamber W,heating-pipes d, of triangular shape, are arranged in horizontal rows above one another and communicate with the flues r and s s. The heatinggases are generated in the furnace 0. The partition-walls c are employed for causing the heating-gases to pass through the distillingchamber W in a zigzag course in order to most intensely profit by their heat. The gases pass from the lower part of the chamber W into the flue r, thence through the upper part of the chamber IV to the flue s, thence to the lower part of the drying-chamber V. Arranged below the heating-pipes d are the channels h,open at their under sides. These channels are so arranged that their sides do not project beyond the heating-pipes d,and therefore'do not afford any obstacle to the filling material. The channels h of each horizontal row communicate with a common collectingpipe '15, passing through the wall of the shafts (a and b, and the collecting-pipes 't' are connected in groups with pipes is, leading to suitable cooling and condensing tanks, (not shown,).' so that the products of distillation can be collected according to the temperature of generation in the manner of the fractional distillation.

In the lower part of the distilling-chamber W cooling-pipes p and m are arranged, the former communicating with the atmosphere and with the furnace, thereby cooling the charred wood and at the same time preheating the air for the furnace, and the latter pipes m communicating with each other and provided with an inlet Z and an outlet n for cooling water.

The lower part of the distilling-chamber is substantially in the form of a hopper and has arranged therein one or more conveyors g for discharging the charred material.

The manner of operating is as follows:

After closing slide-door 'v the wood or the like is charged into the drying-chamber V through hopper f and passes down over the sides of the heating-fines 2, thereby being dried. Theslide-door a: is then closed and slide-door 1; opened, thus allowing the dry material to enter the port-chamber Z, whereupon slide-door o is closed and slide-door :0 opened. Now the material passes down through the distilling-chamber W, over the heating-pipes d, and after being coked is cooled by means of the cooling-pipes p and m in the lower part of the chamber W. The

charcoal is discharged by means of the con-v veyers g, while the heating-gases are carried away by the exhaust-fan or similar device q, and the gaseous products of distillation pass through pipes k to the condensing and collecting tanks.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is 1. In an apparatus of the character described, an inner shaft, an outer shaft surrounding said inner shaft, a drying-chamber arranged in the upper portion of said inner shaft, a distilling-chamber arranged in the lower portion of said inner shaft, a port-chamber interposed between said drying and distilling chambers, means for establishing communication between said port-chamber and said drying-chamber, and means for establishing communication between said distilling-chamber and said port-chamber, substantially as herein shown and described and for the purpose set forth.

2. In an apparatus of the character described, an outer shaft, an inner shaft arranged within said outer shaft, and of such size as to form on the two opposite sides thereof flues between the two shafts, partitions in the said lines, a drying-chamber in the upper portion of said inner flue, a distilling-chamber in the lower portion of said inner flue, and a port-chamber interposed between said drying and distilling chamber.

3. In an apparatus of the character described, an outer shaft, an inner shaft arranged within said outer shaft, and of such size as to form on the two opposite sides thereof flues between the two shafts, partitions in the said fiues, a drying-chamber in the upper portion of said inner flue, a distilling-chamber in the lower portion of said inner flue, a port-chamber interposed between said drying anddistilling chamber, means for establishing communication between said port-chamber and drying-chamber, and means for establishingcommunication between said distilling-chamber and said port-chamber.

4. In an apparatus of the character described, an outer shaft, an inner shaft arranged within said outer shaft, and of such size as to form on the two opposite sides thereof fines between the two shafts,a drying-cham- IIO berarranged in the upper portion of said inner shaft, a series of heating-fines in-said drying-chamber and communicating with the device in communication with said dryingchamber.

5, In an apparatus .of the character described, an outer shaft, an inner shaft arranged within said outer shaft, and of such size as to form on the two opposite sides thereof dues between the two shafts,a drying-chamber arranged in the upper portion of said in-j ner shaft, a series of heatingfiues in said drying-chamber and communicating with the flues at the opposite side of the inner shaft, a distilling-chamber in the lower portion of said inner shaft, a series of heating-pipes arranged in said distilling-chamber and 'com-' mnnicating with the fines at the two opposite sides of said inner shaft, an exhausting de-, vice in communication with said d'rying-cham ber, a port-chamber interposed between said drying and distilling chambers, means for cs tablishin g communication between said port-f chamber and said drying chamber, and

means for establishing communication be-.

tween said port-chamber and'said distillingchamber.

'6. In an apparatus of the class described,- an inner and outer shaft arranged'to form fines at two opposite sides of said inner shaft, a drying-chamber arranged in the upper portion of said inner shaft, a distilling-chamber in the lower portion of said inner shaft, a portchamber interposed between the said drying and distilling chambers, separate means for establishing communication between said port-chamber and said drying and distilling chambers, a series of triangular shaped heating-fines extending through said drying-chamber and communicating with the fines at two opposite sides of said inner shaft, a series of heating-pipes arranged in said dis; ti llin g-chamber and communicating with said fines at two opposite sides of said inner shaft, channels arranged below said heating-pipes, and a collecting-pipe in communication with the said channels.

7. In an apparatus for continuously drying and distilling wood, sawdust, peat and the like, an outer and inner shaft arranged to form fines at two opposite sides of saidinner shaft, a drying-chamber arranged: in the upper portion of said inner shaft and communicatingwith said fines, a distilling-chamber in the lower portion of said inner shaft, a series ofheating-pipes arranged in said distilling-chamber,channels mounted below said heating-pipes, a collecting-pipe in suitable communication with said channels, a cooling means mounted in the lower portion of said distilling-chamber,-and means at the lower portion of said distilling-chamber for conveying the material therefrom. a

8. In an apparatus for continuously drying and distilling wood, sawdust, peat and the like, the combination of a rectangular upright shaft constructed of masonry or the like, a metallic shaft arranged in said uprightshaft and forming fines at two opposite sides thereof between the two shafts, a drying-chamberon the upper portion of said metallic shaft suitably communicating with said fines, a portchamber below the said drying-chamber and adapted to communicate therewith, a distilling-chamber below the said port-chamber and adapted to communicate therewith, a series of heating-pipes'in said distilling-chamber, means for cooling the treated material ar ranged within said distilling-chamber, and means for conveying the treated material from said distilling-chamber arranged at the I lower portion of the latter.

9. In an apparatus for continuously drying and distilling wood, sawdust, peat and the like, a substantially rectangular upright shaft constructed of masonry or the like, an iron shaft arranged within said upright shaft and forming fines at two opposite sides thereof between the shafts, partitions suitably arranged in the said lines, a drying-chamber in the up per portion of said iron shaft, a distillingchamber at the lower portionof said iron shaft, a port-chamber interposed between the said drying and'distiliing chambers, a distilling means for establishing communication between said port and said drying chambers, means for establishing communication be tween said port and distilling chambers,'a series of triangular-shaped heating-fines arranged within saiddrying-chamber and communicating withthe fines attwo opposite sides of said iron shaft, a series of heatingpipe's, mounted in said distillingchamber and communicating with the fines at two 0pposite sides of said iron shaft, channels arranged below said heating-pipes,collectingpipes suitably connected to said channels, means forfcooling the materialarranged in said distilling-chamber, meansffor conveying the material from said distillingchamber, andexhausting means in communicationwith one of said fines at the side of theironshaft.

10. In an apparatus'for continuously drying and distilling wood, sawdust, peat and the like, the combination of an upright shaft 13,

a shaft A within said shaft B and forming fines at two opposite sides thereof between in said distilling-chamber for cooling the material treated,means for conveying the treated material from the said distilling-chamber, a port-chamber arranged between said drying and distilling chamber, separate means for establishing communication between the said port-chamber and said drying and distilling chambers, and an exhausting device in communication with one of the fines at the sides of the said shaft A.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two witnesses.

EDUARD LARSEN.

Witnesses:

J. C. JAooBsEN, J. C. FREEMAN. 

